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Show ContentsMiller History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
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Family Crest Download (JPG) Heritage Series - 600 DPI

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It was in the Scottish/English Borderlands that the Strathclyde-Briton people first used the ancient name Miller. It was a name for someone who lived in the county of Dumfries.

Early Origins of the Miller family

The surname Miller was first found in Dumfriesshire (Gaelic: Siorrachd Dhùn Phris), a Southern area, bordering on England that today forms part of the Dumfries and Galloway Council Area, where the Miller family held a family seat from ancient times. One line had its ancestral seat at Dalswinton, Dumfriesshire. During the Middle Ages, occupational names were frequently recorded in Latin; thus, one who worked at a mill would have been documented under the name Milendinarius, Le Molendinator, or De Molendino. The modern spellings "Miller" and "Millar" came into general use about 1500; earlier documents usually show the name in Latin.

Early History of the Miller family

This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Miller research. Another 130 words (9 lines of text) covering the year 1253 is included under the topic Early Miller History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

Miller Spelling Variations

Scribes in Medieval Scotland spelled names by sound rather than any set of rules, so an enormous number of spelling variations exist in names of that era. Miller has been spelled Miller, Millar, Myllar, Mylar, Millare, Myllair and many more.

Early Notables of the Miller family (pre 1700)

More information is included under the topic Early Miller Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

Miller World Ranking

In the United States, the name Miller is the 7th most popular surname with an estimated 1,054,488 people with that name. [1] However, in Canada, the name Miller is ranked the 18th most popular surname with an estimated 63,126 people with that name. [2] And in Quebec, Canada, the name Miller is the 512nd popular surname. [3] Newfoundland, Canada ranks Miller as 49th with 480 people. [4] France ranks Miller as 3,361st with 2,000 - 2,500 people. [5] Australia ranks Miller as 38th with 45,832 people. [6] New Zealand ranks Miller as 36th with 5,567 people. [7] The United Kingdom ranks Miller as 54th with 76,379 people. [8] Russia ranks Miller as 383rd with 41,539 people. [9] South Africa ranks Miller as 560th with 12,463 people. [10]

Ireland Migration of the Miller family to Ireland

Some of the Miller family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.
Another 45 words (3 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

United States Miller migration to the United States +

The number of Strathclyde Clan families sailing for North America increased steadily as the persecution continued. In the colonies, they could find not only freedom from the iron hand of the English government, but land to settle on. The American War of Independence allowed many of these settlers to prove their independence, while some chose to go to Canada as United Empire Loyalists. Scots played essential roles in the forging of both great nations. Among them:

Miller Settlers in United States in the 17th Century
  • Mr. Alexander Miller who arrived in Salem, Massachusetts in 1630 aboard the ship "Ambrose" as part of the Winthrop Fleet [11]
  • Mr. Richard Miller, aged 12, from England who arrived in Virginia aboard the ship "America" arriving in June 1635 [11]
  • Benjamin Miller, aged 30, who arrived in Bermuda in 1635 [12]
  • Sander Miller, who landed in New England in 1652 [12]
  • Sarah Miller, who arrived in Maryland in 1666 [12]
Miller Settlers in United States in the 18th Century
  • Symon Miller, who arrived in Virginia in 1705 [12]
  • Steve Miller, who arrived in New York in 1709 [12]
  • Joost Miller, who arrived in New York in 1709 [12]
  • Hans Lendert Miller, who settled in Philadelphia in 1728
  • Anna Miller, who landed in Pennsylvania in 1732 [12]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Miller Settlers in United States in the 19th Century
  • Alexander Craig Miller, who landed in New York in 1801 [12]
  • Catharina Miller, aged 13, who landed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1807 [12]
  • Adam Miller, who arrived in Somerset County, Pennsylvania in 1809 [12]
  • Ann Miller, aged 55, who arrived in Maryland in 1812 [12]
  • Arthur G Miller, aged 27, who landed in Georgia in 1812 [12]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Miller Settlers in United States in the 20th Century
  • Archie W Miller, who arrived in Mississippi in 1902 [12]
  • Mr. William Miller, (b. 1864), aged 40, American slater returning from Cornwall, UK travelling aboard the ship "St Louis" arriving at Ellis Island, New York on 27th March 1904 en route to Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania, USA [13]

Canada Miller migration to Canada +

Some of the first settlers of this family name were:

Miller Settlers in Canada in the 18th Century
  • Stephen Miller, who landed in Nova Scotia in 1750
  • Capt. Garrett Miller U.E. (b. 1738) born in Court Matrix, County Limerick, Ireland from Camden Valley, New York, USA who settled in Sorel-Tracy, Quebec c. 1779, then Ernest Town [Ernestown], Lennox & Addington, Ontario in 1796 he served in the Royal Rangers with Colonel Peters Corps, married twice having 12 children, he died in 1823 Switzerville, Ontario [14]
  • Mr. James Miller U.E. who settled in Elizabeth Town [Elizabethtown], Leeds County, Ontario c .1780 [14]
  • Mr. Jane Miller U.E. who settled in Belle Vue, Beaver Harbour, Charlotte County, New Brunswick c. 1783 [14]
  • Mr. John Miller U.E. who arrived at Port Roseway, [Shelbourne], Nova Scotia on October 26, 1783 was passenger number 4 aboard the ship "HMS Clinton", picked up on September 20, 1783 at East River, New York, USA [14]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Miller Settlers in Canada in the 19th Century
  • James Miller, aged 22, a labourer, who arrived in Saint John, New Brunswick aboard the ship "Favourite" in 1815
  • Elizabeth Miller, aged 20, who arrived in Saint John, New Brunswick aboard the ship "Favourite" in 1815
  • John Miller, aged 21, a labourer, who arrived in Quebec aboard the ship "Atlas" in 1815
  • James Miller, aged 48, a farmer, who arrived in Quebec aboard the ship "Dorothy" in 1815
  • Mary Miller, aged 38, who arrived in Quebec aboard the ship "Dorothy" in 1815
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

Australia Miller migration to Australia +

Emigration to Australia followed the First Fleets of convicts, tradespeople and early settlers. Early immigrants include:

Miller Settlers in Australia in the 19th Century
  • Mr. John Miller, (b. 1770), aged 30, English milliner who was convicted in Middlesex, England for 7 years for stealing, transported aboard the "Earl Cornwallis" in August 1800, arriving in New South Wales, Australia, he died in 1816 [15]
  • Mr. George Miller, English convict who was convicted in Sussex, England for life, transported aboard the "Atlas" on 16th January 1816, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [16]
  • Mr. Joseph Miller, (b. 1800), aged 16, English convict who was convicted in Gloucester, England for 7 years for burglary, transported aboard the "Atlas" on 16th January 1816, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [16]
  • Mr. John Miller, English convict who was convicted in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England for 7 years, transported aboard the "Fame" on 9th October 1816, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [17]
  • Miss Catherine Miller, (b. 1798), aged 20, Irish servant who was convicted in Dublin, Ireland for 7 years for felony, transported aboard the "Elizabeth" on 26th July 1818, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [18]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

New Zealand Miller migration to New Zealand +

Emigration to New Zealand followed in the footsteps of the European explorers, such as Captain Cook (1769-70): first came sealers, whalers, missionaries, and traders. By 1838, the British New Zealand Company had begun buying land from the Maori tribes, and selling it to settlers, and, after the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, many British families set out on the arduous six month journey from Britain to Aotearoa to start a new life. Early immigrants include:

Miller Settlers in New Zealand in the 19th Century
  • William Miller, aged 28, a labourer, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Blenheim" in 1840
  • Maria Miller, aged 27, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Blenheim" in 1840
  • Robert Miller, aged 9, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Blenheim" in 1840
  • Janet Miller, aged 7, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Blenheim" in 1840
  • Mary Miller, aged 5, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Blenheim" in 1840
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

West Indies Miller migration to West Indies +

The British first settled the British West Indies around 1604. They made many attempts but failed in some to establish settlements on the Islands including Saint Lucia and Grenada. By 1627 they had managed to establish settlements on St. Kitts (St. Christopher) and Barbados, but by 1641 the Spanish had moved in and destroyed some of these including those at Providence Island. The British continued to expand the settlements including setting the First Federation in the British West Indies by 1674; some of the islands include Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Island, Turks and Caicos, Jamaica and Belize then known as British Honduras. By the 1960's many of the islands became independent after the West Indies Federation which existed from 1958 to 1962 failed due to internal political conflicts. After this a number of Eastern Caribbean islands formed a free association. [19]
Miller Settlers in West Indies in the 17th Century
  • Mr. John Miller, (b. 1588), aged 47, British settler travelling aboard the ship "The Dorset" arriving in Barbados in September 1635 [20]
  • Mr. Phillip Miller, (b. 1614), aged 21, British settler travelling from Gravesend, England aboard the ship "Falcon" arriving in Barbados in 1636 [21]
Miller Settlers in West Indies in the 18th Century
  • Thomas Miller, who arrived in Antigua (Antego) in 1752-1756 [12]

Contemporary Notables of the name Miller (post 1700) +

  • Melanie Miller (1972-2022), American producer known for work on Navalny (2022) which was the winner of the Academy Award for Best Documentary
  • Fred David Miller (1940-2023), American NFL football defensive tackle from 1963 through 1972
  • Richard Miller (1942-2022), American sculptor and visual effects artist, best known for his work on Star Trek: First Contact, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, and The Rocketeer
  • Jody Miller (1941-2022), born Myrna Joy Miller, an American Grammy Award winning country music singer from Phoenix, Arizona
  • Mark Miller (1924-2022), born Claude Herbert Miller Jr., an American stage and television actor and writer who starred in over 30 plays and made more than forty appearances in television programs and films since 1953
  • Robert Gerald "Bob" Miller (1935-2022), American Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Detroit Tigers (1953–1956), Cincinnati Reds (1962) and the New York Mets (1962)
  • William Benjamin "Bill" Miller Sr. (1929-2022), American politician and businessman, Chairman of the Forsyth County Republican
  • Ralph English Miller Jr. (1933-2021), American alpine ski racer who competed in three events at the 1956 Winter Olympics
  • Robin Lee Miller (1949-2021), American motorsports journalist and Indy car pit crew member who drove in the USAC midget series in the 1970s
  • Vern Miller (1928-2021), American attorney, politician, and law enforcement officer, Attorney General of Kansas from 1971 to 1975
  • ... (Another 70 notables are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Arrow Air Flight 1285
  • Mr. Richard Dean Miller (1960-1985), American Staff Sergeant from Tyler, Texas, USA who died in the Arrow Air Flight 1285 crash [22]
  • Mr. Dirk A Miller (1965-1985), American Warrant Officer Class II from Clarksville, Tennessee, USA who died in the Arrow Air Flight 1285 crash [22]
  • Mr. Timothy E Miller (1965-1985), American Specialist 4th Class from Noblesville, Indiana, USA who died in the Arrow Air Flight 1285 crash [22]
  • Mr. Larry Gene Miller (1961-1985), American Sergeant from Loogootee, Indiana, USA who died in the Arrow Air Flight 1285 crash [22]
Empress of Ireland
  • Miss Catherine Miller (1880-1914), Canadian First Class Passenger from St. Catharinas, Ontario, Canada who was traveling aboard the Empress of Ireland and died in the sinking [23]
Flight TWA 800
  • Mr. Robert P. Miller (1934-1996), from Tenafly, New Jersey, USA, American borough supervisor flying aboard flight TWA 800 from J.F.K. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; he died in the crash [24]
  • Mr. Kyle C. Miller (1966-1996), from Andreas, Pennsylvania, USA, American passenger flying aboard flight TWA 800 from J.F.K. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; he died in the crash [24]
  • Ms. Joan W. Miller (d. 1996), from Fairfield, Connecticut, USA, American passenger flying aboard flight TWA 800 from J.F.K. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; she died in the crash [24]
  • Mr. Gideon Miller (1939-1996), from Sarasota, Florida, USA, American off-duty TWA employee flying aboard flight TWA 800 from J.F.K. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; he died in the crash [24]
  • Mrs. Elizabeth Miller (d. 1996), from Tenafly, New Jersey, USA, American passenger flying aboard flight TWA 800 from J.F.K. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; she died in the crash [24]
  • ... (Another 1 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Fraterville mine
  • Mr. Houston C. Miller (d. 1902), American coal miner at Fraterville mine in Tennessee, on the 19th May 1902 when an explosion collapsed the mine; he died [25]
  • Mr. Leon C. Miller (d. 1902), American coal miner at Fraterville mine in Tennessee, on the 19th May 1902 when an explosion collapsed the mine; he died [25]
Halifax Explosion
  • Ms. Ethel Annie   Miller, Canadian resident from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada who died in the Halifax Explosion (1917) [26]
  • Ms. Eva Elizabeth Miller (1875-1917), Canadian resident from Beech Hill, Nova Scotia, Canada who died in the Halifax Explosion (1917) [26]
  • Mrs. Ethel M  Miller (1887-1917), Canadian resident from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada who died in the Halifax Explosion (1917) [26]
  • Mr. James  Miller, Canadian resident from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada who died in the Halifax Explosion (1917) [26]
  • Mr. W.  Miller (1893-1917), Jamaican Seaman aboard the SS Calonne from Jamaica who died in the Halifax Explosion (1917) [26]
  • ... (Another 2 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Hillcrest Coal Mine
  • Mr. William George Miller (1892-1914), English Driver from England, United Kingdom who worked in the Hillcrest Coal Mine, Alberta, Canada and died in the mine collapse [27]
  • Mr. William Miller (1884-1914), Scottish Miner from Dalrymple, Ayrshire, Scotland, United Kingdom who worked in the Hillcrest Coal Mine, Alberta, Canada and died in the mine collapse [27]
HMAS Sydney II
  • Mr. Kenneth Roscoe Miller (1915-1941), Australian Ordinary Seaman from North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [28]
  • Mr. James Douglas Haig Miller (1919-1941), Australian Able Seaman from Malvern, Victoria, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [28]
  • Mr. George James Miller (1917-1941), Australian Cook (S) from Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [28]
  • Mr. Robert Alfred Miller (1920-1941), Australian Stoker from Victoria Park, Western Australia, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [28]
  • Mr. Martin Patrick Miller (1920-1941), Australian Steward from North Essendon, Victoria, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [28]
HMS Dorsetshire
  • George William Alfred Miller (d. 1945), British Engine Room Artificer 4th Class aboard the HMS Dorsetshire when she was struck by air bombers and sunk; he died in the sinking [29]
HMS Hood
  • Mr. Thomas Miller (b. 1918), Scottish Able Seaman serving for the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve from Patrick, Glasgow, Scotland, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking [30]
  • Mr. James A K Miller (b. 1919), English Stoker 1st Class serving for the Royal Navy from Loughborough, Leicestershire, England, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking [30]
HMS Prince of Wales
  • Mr. Charles Terence Miller, British Corporal, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and survived the sinking [31]
  • Mr. Frederick James Miller, British Able Seaman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and survived the sinking, was listed as missing and presumed killed during the evacuation of Singapore 1942 [31]
HMS Repulse
  • Mr. Forbes Miller, British Able Bodied Seaman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking [32]
  • Mr. Harry B Miller, "Dusty" British Marine, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking [32]
  • Mr. Andrew Lyall Miller, British Midshipman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking [32]
  • Mr. Harry Davis Miller, British Marine, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking [32]
  • Mr. Ronald John Hollinger Miller, British Steward, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and died in the sinking [32]
HMS Royal Oak
  • Joseph Henry Miller (1920-1939), British Able Seaman with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking [33]
  • Albert Edward Miller (1923-1939), British Boy 1st Class with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking [33]
Lady of the Lake
  • Mr. Benjamin Miller, crew seaman who sailed aboard the "Lady of the Lake" from Greenock, Scotland on 8th April 1833 to Quebec, Canada when the ship hit ice and sunk of the coast of Newfoundland on the 11th May 1833 and he survived the sinking
Monongah Mine
  • Mr. Albert Miller (b. 1879), American coal miner who was in mine 6 at the Monongah mine on 6th December 1907 when it exploded and collapsed; he died [34]
  • Mr. J. W. Miller (b. 1859), Polish coal miner who was in mine 6 at the Monongah mine on 6th December 1907 when it exploded and collapsed; he died [34]
  • Mr. Chas. Miller (b. 1869), American Polish coal miner who was in mine 8 at the Monongah mine on 6th December 1907 when it exploded and collapsed; he died [34]
Pan Am Flight 103 (Lockerbie)
  • Joseph Kenneth Miller (1932-1988), American Accounting Firm Executive from Woodmere, New York, America, who flew aboard the Pan Am Flight 103 from Frankfurt to Detroit, known as the Lockerbie bombing in 1988 and died [35]
RMS Lusitania
  • Captain James Blaine Miller, American 1st Class Passenger from Washington, District of Columbia, USA, who sailed aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and died in the sinking and was recovered [36]
Triangle Waist Company
  • Miss Annie Miller (b. 1895), Austrian Jewish garment worker who was working at Triangle Waist Company factory at the Asch building in Greenwich Village on the 25th March 1911 when fire broke out; she died in the fire [37]
  • Miss Dora Miller, "Maisler", American worker who was at Triangle Waist Company factory at the Asch building in Greenwich Village on the 25th March 1911 when fire broke out; she survived the fire [37]
USS Arizona
  • Mr. Jim D. Miller, American Ensign working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he survived the sinking [38]
  • Mr. William Oscar Miller, American Signalman Third Class from Illinois, USA working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he died in the sinking [38]
  • Mr. George Stanley Miller, American Seaman First Class from Ohio, USA working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he died in the sinking [38]
  • Mr. Jessie Zimmer Miller, American Seaman First Class from Ohio, USA working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he died in the sinking [38]
  • Mr. John David Miller, American Seaman First Class working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he died in the sinking [38]
  • ... (Another 3 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Winter Quarters coal mine
  • Mr. Harrison A. Miller (b. 1867), American mine worker from Kamas, Summit, Utah who worked in the Winter Quarters coal mine on 1st May 1900, when 10 of the 25lb kegs of black powder exploded; he died in the explosion [39]
  • Mr. Issac A. Miller (b. 1871), American mine worker from Coalville, Summit, Utah who worked in the Winter Quarters coal mine on 1st May 1900, when 10 of the 25lb kegs of black powder exploded; he died in the explosion [39]
  • Mr. John L. Miller (b. 1872), Welsh mine worker from Glamorganshire, Wales from Scofield, Utah who worked in the Winter Quarters coal mine on 1st May 1900, when 10 of the 25lb kegs of black powder exploded; he died in the explosion [39]
  • Mr. Morgan Miller (b. 1867), Welsh mine worker from Glamorganshire, Wales from Scofield, Utah who worked in the Winter Quarters coal mine on 1st May 1900, when 10 of the 25lb kegs of black powder exploded; he died in the explosion [39]
  • Mr. Van Ransler R. Miller (b. 1861), American mine worker from Salt Lake, Utah who worked in the Winter Quarters coal mine on 1st May 1900, when 10 of the 25lb kegs of black powder exploded; he died in the explosion [39]
  • ... (Another 1 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

The Miller Motto +

The motto was originally a war cry or slogan. Mottoes first began to be shown with arms in the 14th and 15th centuries, but were not in general use until the 17th century. Thus the oldest coats of arms generally do not include a motto. Mottoes seldom form part of the grant of arms: Under most heraldic authorities, a motto is an optional component of the coat of arms, and can be added to or changed at will; many families have chosen not to display a motto.

Motto: Manent optima coelo
Motto Translation: The best things await us in heaven.

Suggested Readings for the name Miller +

  • The History and Genealogy of the Miller Family by Thelma Ray Miller.
  • The Huguenot Millers by Margaret Miller White.
  • The Miller and Simmons Families by William Shurtleff.
  1. "What are the 5,000 Most Common Last Names in the U.S.?". NameCensus.com, https://namecensus.com/last-names/
  2. "Surnames Meanings, Origins & Distribution Maps - Forebears." Forebears, https://forebears.io/surnames
  3. "The first 1,000 family names by rank, Quebec (in French only)" Institut de la statistique du Quebec, https://statistique.quebec.ca/en/document/family-names-in-quebec/tableau/the-first-1000-family-names-by-rank-quebec
  4. The order of Common Surnames in 1955 in Newfoundland retrieved on 20th October 2021 (retrieved from Family Names of the Island of Newfoundland by E.R. Seary corrected edition ISBN 0-7735-1782-0)
  5. http://www.journaldesfemmes.com/nom-de-famille/nom/
  6. "Most Common Last Names in Australia." Forebears, https://forebears.io/australia/surnames
  7. "Most Common Last Names in New Zealand." Forebears, https://forebears.io/new-zealand/surnames
  8. "UK surname ranking." UK Surname map, https://www.surnamemap.eu/unitedkingdom/surnames_ranking.php?p=10
  9. "Most Common Last Names in Russia." Forebears, https://forebears.io/russia/surnames
  10. "Most Common Last Names in South Africa." Forebears, https://forebears.io/south-africa/surnames
  11. Pilgrim Ship's of 1600's. Retrieved January 6th 2023 from https://www.packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm
  12. Filby, P. William, Meyer, Mary K., Passenger and immigration lists index : a guide to published arrival records of about 500,000 passengers who came to the United States and Canada in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. 1982-1985 Cumulated Supplements in Four Volumes Detroit, Mich. : Gale Research Co., 1985, Print (ISBN 0-8103-1795-8)
  13. Cornwall Online Parish Clerks. (Retrieved 3rd May 2018). Retrieved from http://www.opc-cornwall.org/Resc/pdfs/emigration_ellis_island_1892_on.pdf
  14. Rubincam, Milton. The Old United Empire Loyalists List. Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1976. (Originally published as; United Empire Loyalists. The Centennial of the Settlement of Upper Canada. Rose Publishing Company, 1885.) ISBN 0-8063-0331-X
  15. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 13th August 2021). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/earl-cornwallis
  16. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 14th July 2020). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/atlas
  17. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 27th September 2022). https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/fairlie
  18. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 3rd March 2022). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/elizabeth
  19. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_West_Indies
  20. Pilgrim Ship Lists Early 1600's retrieved 29th September 2021. Retrieved from https://www.packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm
  21. Pilgrim Ship Lists Early 1600's retrieved 28th September 2021 from https://www.packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm
  22. American War Memorials - Flight 1285. (Retrieved 2016, August 24) . Retrieved from http://www.uswarmemorials.org/html/monument_details.php?SiteID=317&MemID=550
  23. Commemoration Empress of Ireland 2014. (Retrieved 2014, June 17) . Retrieved from http://www.empress2014.ca/seclangen/listepsc1.html
  24. The Washington Post Passenger List TWA Flight 800. (Retrieved 2018, February 15th). Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/twa800/list01.htm
  25. News paper article Fraterville Mine Disaster retrieved on 6th August 2021. (Retrieved from http://www.tn.gov/tsla/exhibits/disasters/fraterville.htm).
  26. Halifax Explosion Book of Remembrance | Maritime Museum of the Atlantic. (Retrieved 2014, June 23) . Retrieved from https://maritimemuseum.novascotia.ca/what-see-do/halifax-explosion/halifax-explosion-book-remembrance
  27. List Of Miners - Hillcrest Mine Disaster Data. (Retrieved 2014, June 24) . Retrieved from http://www.hillcrestminedisaster.com/data/index.php?title=List_Of_Miners
  28. HMAS Sydney II, Finding Sydney Foundation - Roll of Honour. (Retrieved 2014, April 24) . Retrieved from http://www.findingsydney.com/roll.asp
  29. Force Z Survivors HMS Dorsetshire Crew List, (Retrieved 2018, February 13th), https://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listdorsetshirecrew.html
  30. H.M.S. Hood Association-Battle Cruiser Hood: Crew Information - H.M.S. Hood Rolls of Honour, Men Lost in the Sinking of H.M.S. Hood, 24th May 1941. (Retrieved 2016, July 15) . Retrieved from http://www.hmshood.com/crew/memorial/roh_24may41.htm
  31. HMS Prince of Wales Crew members. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listprincecrew.html
  32. HMS Repulse Crew members. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listrepulsecrew.html
  33. Ships hit by U-boats crew list HMS Royal Oak (08) - (Retrieved 2018 February, 9th) - retrieved from https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/ship68.html
  34. Monongah Mining Disaster retrieved on 8th August 2021. (Retrieved fromhttps://usminedisasters.miningquiz.com/saxsewell/monongah.htm).
  35. Pan Am Flight 103's victims: A list of those killed 25 years ago | syracuse.com. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2013/12/pan_am_flight_103s_victims_a_list_of_those_killed_25_years_ago.html
  36. Lusitania Passenger List - The Lusitania Resource. (Retrieved 2014, March 6) . Retrieved from http://www.rmslusitania.info/lusitania-passenger-list/
  37. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire (retrieved on 3rd August 2021.) Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_Shirtwaist_Factory_fire
  38. Pearl Harbour: USS Arizona Casualties List Pearl Harbour December 7, 1941. (Retrieved 2018, July 31st). Retrieved from http://pearl-harbor.com/arizona/casualtylist.html
  39. Miners killed in Winter Quarters (retrieved 28th July 2021). Retrieved from http://www.carbon-utgenweb.com/miners.html

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