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| Related Stories | + |
- Family Crests: Elements
- Anglo-Saxons: the birth of Old English from early German (Saxon) settlers (about 450-1066)
- Scotland: home to the great Scottish clans, the northernmost country in the UK
- Ireland: the Emerald Isle with a history dating back to 6,000 BC
- Spelling variations: Why the spellings of names have changed over the centuries
- Hundred: an early Norse term typically denoting 100 households
| Sources | + |
- Harrison, Henry, Surnames of the United Kingdom: A Concise Etymological Dictionary Baltimore: Geneological Publishing Company, 2013. Print
- Lower, Mark Anthony, Patronymica Britannica, A Dictionary of Family Names of the United Kingdom. London: John Russel Smith, 1860. Print.

