Show ContentsLewis History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms

The proud Lewis surname is from the personal name Lewis, an Anglicized form of the Welsh name Llewellyn. This name is often explained as meaning "lion-like," but is in fact probably derived from the Welsh word "llyw," which means "leader." Alternatively, the name Lewis is also an Anglo-French form of the Old Frankish name Hludwig, which means "loud battle."

Early Origins of the Lewis family

The surname Lewis was first found in Glamorganshire (Welsh: Sir Forgannwg), a region of South Wales, anciently part of the Welsh kingdom of Glywysing, where the family held a seat from ancient times.

Early History of the Lewis family

This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Lewis research. Another 119 words (8 lines of text) covering the years 1598, 1616, 1625, 1627, 1640, 1650, 1660, 1661, 1664, 1669, 1674, 1675, 1677, 1679, 1690, 1699, 1706 and 1890 are included under the topic Early Lewis History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

Lewis Spelling Variations

The Welsh have an extremely large amount of spelling variations of their native surnames to their credit. It was up to the priest or the scribe taking the official records to determine how the spoken name was to be made literal. As time progressed, the old Brythonic names of Wales were recorded in English, which was especially problematic since the English language had extreme difficulty recording the highly inflected sounds of Cymraeg. Spelling variations were, however, also carried out according to an individual's design: a branch loyalty within the family, a religious adherence, or even patriotic affiliations could be indicated by spelling variations of one's name. The spelling variations of the name Lewis have included Lewis, Lewiss, Lewess, Lews, Llewys, Llewis, Lewwis, Llewess and many more.

Early Notables of the Lewis family

Prominent amongst the family during the late Middle Ages was

  • Sir William Lewis, 1st Baronet (1598-1677), an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1640 and 1677
  • William Lewis (1625-1661), an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660
  • Richard Lewis (c 1627-1706), an English landowner and politician
  • David Lewis (1616-1679), a Welsh Catholic priest and martyr who was also known as Charles Baker
  • Pierce Lewis (1664-1699), a Welsh cleric who helped to "correct" the 1690 edition of the Welsh Bible

Lewis World Ranking

In the United States, the name Lewis is the 23rd most popular surname with an estimated 562,062 people with that name. [1] However, in Canada, the name Lewis is ranked the 61st most popular surname with an estimated 35,038 people with that name. [2] And in Quebec, Canada, the name Lewis is the 899th popular surname. [3] Newfoundland, Canada ranks Lewis as 64th with 412 people. [4] Australia ranks Lewis as 47th with 40,743 people. [5] New Zealand ranks Lewis as 70th with 4,848 people. [6] The United Kingdom ranks Lewis as 22nd with 116,009 people. [7] South Africa ranks Lewis as 337th with 20,102 people. [8]

Ireland Migration of the Lewis family to Ireland

Some of the Lewis family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.
Another 57 words (4 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.


United States Lewis migration to the United States +

During the latter half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, the people of Wales journeyed to North America to find a new life. They made major contributions to the arts, industry and commerce of both Canada and the United States, and added a rich cultural heritage to their newly adopted societies. A look at the immigration and passenger lists has shown a number of people bearing the name Lewis:

Lewis Settlers in United States in the 17th Century
  • Roger Lewis, who arrived in Virginia in 1623 [9]
  • Thomas Lewis, who landed in New Hampshire in 1630 [9]
  • William Lewis, who landed in New England in 1630 [9]
  • George Lewis, who landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1630 [9]
  • Mrs. Felix Lewis, who arrived in Boston, Massachusetts in 1632 aboard the ship "Lyon" [10]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Lewis Settlers in United States in the 18th Century
  • Francis Lewis, who arrived in Virginia in 1703 [9]
  • Xto Lewis, who landed in Virginia in 1706 [9]
  • Ellis Lewis, who arrived in Pennsylvania in 1708 [9]
  • Ellis Lewis, who settled in Kennett, Pennsylvania in 1708
  • Jone Lewis, who arrived in Virginia in 1719 [9]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Lewis Settlers in United States in the 19th Century
  • Ruhard Lewis, who arrived in Pennsylvania in 1802 [9]
  • Susan Lewis, aged 36, who landed in Delaware in 1803 [9]
  • Andw Lewis, aged 20, who landed in Delaware in 1803 [9]
  • Fanny Lewis, aged 70, who landed in Delaware in 1803 [9]
  • Fanny, Lewis Jr., aged 15, who landed in Delaware in 1803 [9]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Lewis Settlers in United States in the 20th Century
  • William J Lewis, who arrived in Arkansas in 1901 [9]
  • Harold S Lewis, who landed in Colorado in 1903 [9]
  • Nathaniel Lewis, who arrived in Mobile, Ala in 1905 [9]
  • Leonard Gaetz Lewis, who arrived in Alabama in 1913 [9]

Canada Lewis migration to Canada +

Some of the first settlers of this family name were:

Lewis Settlers in Canada in the 18th Century
  • David Lewis, who landed in Nova Scotia in 1749
  • John Lewis, who landed in Nova Scotia in 1749
  • Thomas Lewis, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1749
  • Martha Lewis, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1750
  • Mary Lewis, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1750
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Lewis Settlers in Canada in the 19th Century
  • Isaac Lewis, who arrived in Canada in 1828
  • Eleazar Lewis, who arrived in Canada in 1829
  • Elizabeth Lewis, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1832
  • Joseph Lewis, aged 27, a chordwinder, who arrived in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1833 aboard the barque "Alchymist" from Falmouth, Cornwall, England
  • John Lewis, aged 25, a currier, who arrived in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1833 aboard the ship "Hibernia" from Kinsale, Ireland
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

Australia Lewis migration to Australia +

Emigration to Australia followed the First Fleets of convicts, tradespeople and early settlers. Early immigrants include:

Lewis Settlers in Australia in the 18th Century
  • Mr. John Lewis, (Sinderbury), (b. 1771), aged 26, English convict who was convicted in Hereford, Herefordshire, England for life for stealing, transported aboard the "Barwell" in September 1797, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [11]
  • Miss Elizabeth Lewis, English convict who was convicted in Middlesex, England for 7 years , transported aboard the "Britannia III" on 18th July 1798, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [12]
Lewis Settlers in Australia in the 19th Century
  • Mr. Thomas Lewis, British Convict who was convicted in Lancaster, Lancashire, England for 7 years, transported aboard the "Earl Cornwallis" in August 1800, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [13]
  • Mr. William Lewis, British convict who was convicted in Cardigan, Ceredigion, Wales for life, transported aboard the "Calcutta" in February 1803, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [14]
  • Miss Margaret Lewis, British Convict who was convicted in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England for 7 years, transported aboard the "Experiment" on 4th December 1803, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [15]
  • Mr. John Lewis, English convict who was convicted in Middlesex, England for life, transported aboard the "Duke of Portland" in January 1807, arriving in New South Wales, Australia [16]
  • William Lewis, English convict from Shropshire, who was transported aboard the "Ann" on August 1809, settling in New South Wales, Australia [17]
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

New Zealand Lewis migration to New Zealand +

Emigration to New Zealand followed in the footsteps of the European explorers, such as Captain Cook (1769-70): first came sealers, whalers, missionaries, and traders. By 1838, the British New Zealand Company had begun buying land from the Maori tribes, and selling it to settlers, and, after the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, many British families set out on the arduous six month journey from Britain to Aotearoa to start a new life. Early immigrants include:

Lewis Settlers in New Zealand in the 19th Century
  • Francis Charles Lewis, who landed in Auckland, New Zealand in 1840
  • J Lewis, who landed in Wellington, New Zealand in 1840 aboard the ship Oriental
  • John Henry Lewis, who landed in Bay of Islands, New Zealand in 1840
  • Benjamin Lewis, who landed in Auckland, New Zealand in 1840
  • David Lewis, who landed in Wellington, New Zealand in 1840 aboard the ship Oriental
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

West Indies Lewis migration to West Indies +

The British first settled the British West Indies around 1604. They made many attempts but failed in some to establish settlements on the Islands including Saint Lucia and Grenada. By 1627 they had managed to establish settlements on St. Kitts (St. Christopher) and Barbados, but by 1641 the Spanish had moved in and destroyed some of these including those at Providence Island. The British continued to expand the settlements including setting the First Federation in the British West Indies by 1674; some of the islands include Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Island, Turks and Caicos, Jamaica and Belize then known as British Honduras. By the 1960's many of the islands became independent after the West Indies Federation which existed from 1958 to 1962 failed due to internal political conflicts. After this a number of Eastern Caribbean islands formed a free association. [18]
Lewis Settlers in West Indies in the 17th Century
  • Richard Lewis, who was aboard the ship "Sea Venture" who wrecked in Bermudas in 1609, he died in Bermuda [9]

Contemporary Notables of the name Lewis (post 1700) +

  • John Llewellyn Lewis (1880-1969), American Labour leader and recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom
  • Jerry Lewis (1926-2017), born Joseph or Jerome Levitch, an American actor, comedian, singer, film producer, film director, screenwriter, and humanitarian, famous for his partnership with Dean Martin and later his live Labor Day weekend broadcast of the Jerry Lewis MDA Telethon for 44 years, known as The King of Comedy
  • Sir William Arthur Lewis (1915-1991), Saint Lucian economist, winner of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Economics becoming the first Black person to win a Nobel Prize in a category other than peace
  • John Robert Lewis (1940-2020), American civil rights leader and politician, recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom
  • Richard Philip Lewis (1947-2024), American stand-up comedian, actor, and writer, best known for his roles in Anything but Love, Robin Hood: Men in Tights, and for his recurring role in HBO's Curb Your Enthusiasm
  • Delano Eugene Lewis (1938-2023), American attorney, businessman and diplomat, United States Ambassador to South Africa from 2000 to 2001, father of actor Phill Lewis
  • Don Lewis (1941-2022), American vocalist, multi-instrumentalist, and electronic engineer and inventor of the Live Electronic Orchestra (LEO)
  • Jerry Lee Lewis (1935-2022), American famous musician from Louisiana, one of the ten charter members of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, remembered for "Great Balls of Fire", "Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On", "High School Confidential" and many more
  • Ramsey Emmanuel Lewis Jr. (1935-2022), American jazz composer, pianist, and radio personality who recorded over 80 albums and received five gold records and three Grammy Awards
  • Helen Matthews Lewis (1924-2022), American sociologist, historian, and activist who specialized in Appalachia and women's rights
  • ... (Another 86 notables are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

Air New Zealand Flight 901
  • Mr. James Charles Lewis (1959-1979), New Zealander Fight Steward, from Auckland, New Zealand working aboard the Air New Zealand sightseeing Flight 901 when it flew into Mount Erebus; he died in the crash [19]
Empress of Ireland
  • Mr. Charles Lewis (d. 1914), British Chief 3rd Class Steward from United Kingdom who worked aboard the Empress of Ireland and died in the sinking [20]
  • Mr. John Lewis, British Assistant Cook from United Kingdom who worked aboard the Empress of Ireland (1914) and survived the sinking [20]
  • Mr. Henry Lewis (d. 1914), British Assistant Steward from United Kingdom who worked aboard the Empress of Ireland and died in the sinking [20]
Grover Shoe factory
  • Mr. Barnabas Lewis, American employee of the Grover Shoe factory in Brockton, Massachusetts on 20th March 1905 when the boiler exploded and collapsed the wooden building; he died [21]
  • Mr. Warren Lewis, American employee of the Grover Shoe factory in Brockton, Massachusetts on 20th March 1905 when the boiler exploded and collapsed the wooden building; he survived after being blown through a window [21]
Hillsborough disaster
  • Carl David Lewis (1970-1989), English football supporter who was attending the FA Cup semi-final at Hillsborough Stadium, in Sheffield, Yorkshire when the stand allocated area became overcrowded and 96 people were crushed in what became known as the Hillsborough disaster and he died from his injuries [22]
HMAS Sydney II
  • Mr. Leslie Raymond Lewis (1917-1941), Australian Acting Leading Seaman from Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [23]
  • Mr. Desmond Henry Lewis (1915-1941), Australian Bandsman from Milsons Point, New South Wales, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [23]
  • Mr. Ambrose Henry Lewis (1901-1941), Australian Stoker Petty Officer from Moore Park, New South Wales, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking [23]
HMS Cornwall
  • Joseph Lewis (d. 1942), British Supply Chief Petty Officer aboard the HMS Cornwall when she was struck by air bombers and sunk; he died in the sinking [24]
HMS Hood
  • Mr. Thomas Lewis (b. 1915), English Able Seaman serving for the Royal Navy from Seaham Harbour, County Durham, England, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking [25]
  • Mr. Michael E Lewis (b. 1906), English Stoker Petty Officer serving for the Royal Navy from Fulham, London, England, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking [25]
  • Mr. Edward P S Lewis (b. 1911), Scottish Lieutenant serving for the Royal Navy from Scotland, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking [25]
  • Mr. Alfred G Lewis (b. 1915), English Stoker 1st Class serving for the Royal Navy from Southampton, Hampshire, England, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking [25]
HMS Prince of Wales
  • Mr. Ronald John Lewis, British Canteen Assistant, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and survived the sinking [26]
HMS Repulse
  • Mr. Edward G Lewis, British Yeoman of Signals, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking [27]
  • Mr. Edward A Lewis, British Stoker Petty Officer, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking [27]
HMS Royal Oak
  • Donald James Lewis (1922-1939), British Boy 1st Class with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking [28]
  • Clifford Ernest Lewis (1920-1939), British Marine with the Royal Marine aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking [28]
Mount Mulligan Mine
  • Oliver Lewis, (J. Lawson), Australian coal miner who was killed in the Mount Mulligan Mine explosion in 1921
Prince of Wales colliery
  • Mr. Joseph Lewis (b. 1853), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died [29]
  • Mr. William Lewis (b. 1840), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died [29]
  • Mr. Joseph Lewis (b. 1862), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died [29]
  • Mr. John Lewis (b. 1847), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died [29]
  • Mr. William Lewis (b. 1852), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died [29]
  • ... (Another 3 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
RMS Lusitania
  • Mr. Joseph Lewis, English Trimmer from England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and survived the sinking [30]
  • Mr. F. Lewis, English Fireman from England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and died in the sinking [30]
  • Mr. Fred Lewis, English Second Waiter from Bolton, Lancashire, England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and died in the sinking [30]
  • Mr. John Idwal Lewis, English Senior Third Officer from England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and survived the sinking [30]
  • Mr. Isaac John Lewis, American 2nd Class passenger from New York, New York, USA, who sailed aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and survived the sinking [31]
  • ... (Another 2 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
RMS Titanic
  • Mr. Arthur Ernest Lewis, aged 27, English Steward from Southampton, Hampshire who worked aboard the RMS Titanic and survived the sinking by escaping in life boat 15 [32]
Senghenydd colliery
  • Mr. Charles Gordon Lewis (b. 1892), Welsh coal miner from Pengam, Rhymney Valley, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. Daniel Lewis (b. 1862), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. David John Lewis (b. 1889), Welsh coal miner from Abertridwr, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. Edward Morgan Lewis (b. 1862), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. Edward Richard Lewis (b. 1863), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • ... (Another 9 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
SS Alcoa Puritan
  • J.R. Lewis, American Boatswain from New Orleans, Louisiana, who was working aboard the SS Alcoa Puritan (1942) traveling from Port of Spain, Trinidad to Mobile, Alabama when it was torpedoed by U-boat U-507; he survived the sinking [33]
USS Arizona
  • Mr. William E. Lewis, American Lieutenant Junior Grade (Medical Corps) working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he survived the sinking [34]
  • Mr. Wayne Alman Lewis, American Carpenter's Mate Third Class from South Carolina, USA working aboard the ship "USS Arizona" when she sunk during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7th December 1941, he died in the sinking [34]


The Lewis Motto +

The motto was originally a war cry or slogan. Mottoes first began to be shown with arms in the 14th and 15th centuries, but were not in general use until the 17th century. Thus the oldest coats of arms generally do not include a motto. Mottoes seldom form part of the grant of arms: Under most heraldic authorities, a motto is an optional component of the coat of arms, and can be added to or changed at will; many families have chosen not to display a motto.

Motto: Patriae fidus
Motto Translation: Faithful to my country.


Suggested Readings for the name Lewis +

  • Daybreak on Old Fortification Creek: A History of John Lewis by Glenn Hodges.
  • The Family of John Lewis, Pioneer by Irvin Frazier.
  • Genealogy of the James W. Lewis-Susan Clemmer Family by Dr. Thomas Ferrell.

  1. "What are the 5,000 Most Common Last Names in the U.S.?". NameCensus.com, https://namecensus.com/last-names/
  2. "Surnames Meanings, Origins & Distribution Maps - Forebears." Forebears, https://forebears.io/surnames
  3. "The first 1,000 family names by rank, Quebec (in French only)" Institut de la statistique du Quebec, https://statistique.quebec.ca/en/document/family-names-in-quebec/tableau/the-first-1000-family-names-by-rank-quebec
  4. The order of Common Surnames in 1955 in Newfoundland retrieved on 20th October 2021 (retrieved from Family Names of the Island of Newfoundland by E.R. Seary corrected edition ISBN 0-7735-1782-0)
  5. "Most Common Last Names in Australia." Forebears, https://forebears.io/australia/surnames
  6. "Most Common Last Names in New Zealand." Forebears, https://forebears.io/new-zealand/surnames
  7. "UK surname ranking." UK Surname map, https://www.surnamemap.eu/unitedkingdom/surnames_ranking.php?p=10
  8. "Most Common Last Names in South Africa." Forebears, https://forebears.io/south-africa/surnames
  9. Filby, P. William, Meyer, Mary K., Passenger and immigration lists index : a guide to published arrival records of about 500,000 passengers who came to the United States and Canada in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. 1982-1985 Cumulated Supplements in Four Volumes Detroit, Mich. : Gale Research Co., 1985, Print (ISBN 0-8103-1795-8)
  10. Pilgrim Ship's of 1600's Retrieved January 6th 2023, retrieved from https://www.packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm
  11. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 29th September 2020). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/barwell
  12. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 30th October 2020). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/Britannia
  13. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 13th August 2021). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/earl-cornwallis
  14. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 25th November 2020). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/calcutta
  15. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 22nd March 2021). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/coromandel-and-experiment
  16. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 28th July 2021). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/duke-of-portland
  17. State Library of Queensland. (Retrieved 2016, October 27) Ann voyage to New South Wales, Australia in 1809 with 200 passengers. Retrieved from http://www.convictrecords.com.au/ships/ann/1809
  18. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_West_Indies
  19. Mount Erebus, Memorial, Roll of Remembrance (Retrieved 2018, February 21st). Retrieved from http://www.erebus.co.nz/memorialandawards/rollofremembrance.aspx
  20. Commemoration Empress of Ireland 2014. (Retrieved 2014, June 17) . Retrieved from http://www.empress2014.ca/seclangen/listepsc1.html
  21. California Digital Newspaper from 21st March 1905 (retrieved on 5th August 2021.) Retrieved from https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SFC19050321.2.19&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1
  22. Hillsborough Victims (retreived 21st March 2021). Retreived from https://metro.co.uk/2019/04/15/remembering-96-victims-hillsborough-disaster-30-years-9206566/
  23. HMAS Sydney II, Finding Sydney Foundation - Roll of Honour. (Retrieved 2014, April 24) . Retrieved from http://www.findingsydney.com/roll.asp
  24. Force Z Survivors Crew List HMS Cornwall (Retrieved 2018, February 13th) - Retrieved from https://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listcornwallcrew.html#A
  25. H.M.S. Hood Association-Battle Cruiser Hood: Crew Information - H.M.S. Hood Rolls of Honour, Men Lost in the Sinking of H.M.S. Hood, 24th May 1941. (Retrieved 2016, July 15) . Retrieved from http://www.hmshood.com/crew/memorial/roh_24may41.htm
  26. HMS Prince of Wales Crew members. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listprincecrew.html
  27. HMS Repulse Crew members. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listrepulsecrew.html
  28. Ships hit by U-boats crew list HMS Royal Oak (08) - (Retrieved 2018 February, 9th) - retrieved from https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/ship68.html
  29. Entombed in flood and flame (retrieved 3rd August 2021). Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20120603025705/http://www.crosskeys.me.uk/history/prince.htm
  30. Lusitania Passenger List - The Lusitania Resource. (Retrieved 2014, March 7) . Retrieved from http://www.rmslusitania.info/lusitania-passenger-list/
  31. Lusitania Passenger List - The Lusitania Resource. (Retrieved 2014, March 6) . Retrieved from http://www.rmslusitania.info/lusitania-passenger-list/
  32. Titanic Passenger List - Titanic Facts. (Retrieved 2016, July 13) . Retrieved from http://www.titanicfacts.net/titanic-passenger-list.html
  33. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Alcoa_Puritan_(1941) - (Retrieved 2018, February 8th)
  34. Pearl Harbour: USS Arizona Casualties List Pearl Harbour December 7, 1941. (Retrieved 2018, July 31st). Retrieved from http://pearl-harbor.com/arizona/casualtylist.html


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