Circa (c.)<\/strong><\/p> A Latin word that literally means "about" or "around" as in c. 1500. The other forms ca<\/strong> or ca. <\/strong>are also used throughout the histories.<\/p>","A Clan<\/strong> is a social group made up of a number of distinct branch-families that actually descended from, or accepted themselves as descendants, of a common ancestor. It is a common misconception that all members of a clan are related,","The Irish Potato Famine<\/strong>, also known as The Great Famine<\/strong> or Great Hunger<\/strong> lasted from 1845 to 1850 and resulted in a great exodus of Irish refugees fleeing to Britain, Australia, and North America, one of the most dramatic waves of Irish migration in history. It was one of the world's worst disasters in world history - over one million people died in a five year span.","By the latter half of the 18th century, the residents of Britain's American colonies<\/strong> began to grow increasingly disenchanted with life under the rule of their imperial overlords. The colonists were attempting to build a fairer, more egalitarian society than that of their mother country; a land of opportunity where success could be achieved through hard work, rather than through accident of birth.","Grattan and the Irish Volunteer army obtained an independent parliament in 1782. Continued Irish unrest and Wolfe Tone's rebellion in 1798 led to the Act of Union in 1800 and Irish representation in British Parliament. Daniel O'Connell's agitation resulted in the granting of Catholic Emancipation in 1829. The Irish Potato Famine of the 1840s decimated the population and caused mass emigration. ","The First Fleet<\/strong> departed from Portsmouth, on the south coast of England, on May 13, 1787 and sailed for around 250 days. The fleet was comprised of eleven ships - six prison ships, three equipment ships, and two navy ships, Sirius and Supply. After an extremely long journey, the First Fleet finally arrived at Botany Bay, located in Sydney, New South Wales, between January 18 and 20, 1788.","Dutch navigator Willem Jansz<\/strong> aboard the Duyfken was the first European to land in waht is now known as Australia<\/strong> in 1606. He charted much of the Gulf of Carpentaria, located on the northern coast of Australia. In 1616, another Dutch captain, Dirk Hartog, landed on the west coast of Australia near Shark Bay.","England<\/strong> is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It occupies more than half of the land of the area. It shares its borders with Wales to the West and Scotland the to its north. Laced by great rivers and small streams, England is a fertile land which has supported a thriving agricultural economy for millenia.",null],"lnksHoverSummaryImgURL":[null,"\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/books2.webp?pos=floatRight","\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/books.webp?pos=floatRight","\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/clare_ireland.webp?pos=floatRight","\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/county_limerick.webp?pos=floatRight","","","\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/island_of_ireland_tyrone.webp?pos=floatRight","","\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/scotland-med2.webp?pos=floatRight","","","","\/cdn\/webp\/i\/kb\/200w\/first_fleet_ship.webp?pos=floatRight","","",null],"mode":"f","s":"Neales","sU":"ONEILL","oC":"IR","o":"Irish","o2":null,"cOk":true,"c":"\/dpreview\/ONEILL\/IR\/Neales\/family-crest-coat-of-arms.png","c2":"\/dpreview\/ANDERSON\/SC\/Anderson\/family-crest-coat-of-arms.png","v":"1","sections":["","SettlersUS","SettlersCA","SettlersAU","SettlersNZ","SettlersZA","SettlersWI","Settlers","ContemporaryNotable","ContemporaryNotables","HistoricEvents","RelatedStories","Motto","SuggestedReading","Citations",""]}