Penick History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms

Origins Available:
England

The Atlantic Ocean to the north and west and the English Channel to the south borders Cornwall, the homeland to the Penick family name. Even though the usage of surnames was common during the Middle Ages, all English people were known only by a single name in early times. The manner in which hereditary surnames arose is interesting. Local surnames are derived from where the original bearer lived, was born, or held land. The Penick family originally lived in Cornwall, in the parish of St. Pinnock. 1

"Although this parish has its name graced with the prefix of saint, no records were ever known to have preserved his history. The name is in general supposed to be secular, to be founded upon local circumstances, and to have no immediate reference either to its church or tutelary guardian. At a time when Cornwall teemed with saints both native and imported, it seemed dishonorable for any district to be without one. Where a real one could not be procured, an artificial one might easily be found to supply his place. But even this easy mode was still capable of improvement. The situation of St. Pinnock is in the deanery and hundred of West. It lies about eight miles east-north-east from Lostwithiel, and about four west-south-west from Liskeard." 2 3

Two sources claims the name could have been derived from the Middle English word "pinnock," meaning "hedge-sparrow." 4 5

Early Origins of the Penick family

The surname Penick was first found in the parish of St. Hilary, Cornwall where "the manor of Tregurtha or Truthwall, which extends from this into some of the neighbouring parishes, belonged to the family of Penneck at the commencement of the last century (1700's.)

By the devisees of this family, this manor was sold to William Carne, Esq. and the late Thomas Grylls, Esq.; and it is now the property of the former, and of the representatives of the latter. Tregembo belonged formerly to the family of Grosse, from whom it passed by successive sales to King and Penneck. It was purchased by the latter in the year 1684; after which it became the residence of this family. It is now occupied by the Rev. Humphrey Williams. From Charles Penneck, Esq. this property passed to his two sisters, one of whom was married to the Rev. William Borlase, of Castle Horneck, and the other to John Bingham Borlase, M. D." 2

Other early records of the family revealed Nicholas Pinnoch in the Pipe Rolls for Wiltshire in 1199 and Walter Pinnok in the Hundredorum Rolls for 1225, again in Wiltshire. 4

Another source notes the Hundredorum Rolls of 1273 also included William Pinnoc in Oxfordshire. 3 In Somerset, early records there show Roger Pynnock, 1 Edward III (during the first year of the reign of King Edward III. 6

Early History of the Penick family

This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Penick research. Another 83 words (6 lines of text) covering the years 1782, 1810, 1811, 1813, 1817, 1843, 1850, 1855, 1859, 1870, 1876, 1879 and 1885 are included under the topic Early Penick History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

Penick Spelling Variations

Cornish surnames are characterized by a multitude of spelling variations. The frequent changes in surnames are due to the fact that the Old and Middle English languages lacked definite spelling rules. The official court languages, which were Latin and French, were also influential on the spelling of a surname. Since the spelling of surnames was rarely consistent in medieval times, and scribes and church officials recorded names as they sounded rather than adhering to any specific spelling rules, it was common to find the same individual referred to with different spellings of their surname in the ancient chronicles. Moreover, a large number of foreign names were brought into England, which accelerated and accentuated the alterations to the spelling of various surnames. Lastly, spelling variations often resulted from the linguistic differences between the people of Cornwall and the rest of England. The Cornish spoke a unique Brythonic Celtic language which was first recorded in written documents during the 10th century. However, they became increasingly Anglicized, and Cornish became extinct as a spoken language in 1777, although it has been revived by Cornish patriots in the modern era. The name has been spelled Pinnock, Pincock, Pinnick, Pinock, Pinoke and others.

Early Notables of the Penick family

Notable amongst the family at this time was William Pinnock (1782-1843), publisher and educational writer, baptised at Alton, Hampshire, on 3 Feb. 1782, was son of John and Sarah Pinnock, who were in humble circumstances. He began life as a schoolmaster at Alton. He next became a bookseller there, and wrote and issued in 1810-11 ‘The Leisure Hour: a pleasing Pastime consisting of interesting and improving Subjects,’ with explanatory notes, and ‘The Universal Explanatory Spelling Book,’ with a key and exercises. About 1811 he removed his business to Newbury. In 1817 he came to London, and, together with Samuel Maunder, bought...
Another 132 words (9 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Penick Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

Penick Ranking

In the United States, the name Penick is the 8,259^th most popular surname with an estimated 2,487 people with that name. 7

Migration of the Penick family

The records on immigrants and ships' passengers show a number of people bearing the name Penick: Edward and John Pinnick, who arrived in Pennsylvania in 1684; Henry Pinnock settled in Virginia in 1759; John Pincock settled in Maryland in 1774.

Contemporary Notables of the name Penick (post 1700) +

Charles Clifton Penick (1843-1914), American prelate, third missionary bishop of Cape Palmas, Africa, and Parts Adjacent from 1877 to 1883
Mark Albert Penick (1895-1952), American politician and lawyer who served in the Illinois Senate from 1933 to 1937
John E. Penick (b. 1944), American professor of science education who has taught in high schools, community college, and at several universities
Harvey Morrison Penick (1904-1995), American professional golfer and coach, who coached many Hall of Fame players, posthumously inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2002

Citations +

Lower, Mark Anthony, Patronymica Britannica, A Dictionary of Family Names of the United Kingdom. London: John Russel Smith, 1860. Print.
Hutchins, Fortescue, The History of Cornwall, from the Earliest Records and Traditions to the Present Time. London: William Penaluna, 1824. Print
Bardsley, C.W, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames: With Special American Instances. Wiltshire: Heraldry Today, 1901. Print. (ISBN 0-900455-44-6)
Reaney, P.H and R.M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. London: Routledge, 1991. Print. (ISBN 0-415-05737-X)
Harrison, Henry, Surnames of the United Kingdom: A Concise Etymological Dictionary Baltimore: Geneological Publishing Company, 2013. Print
Dickinson, F.H., Kirby's Quest for Somerset of 16th of Edward the 3rd London: Harrison and Sons, Printers in Ordinary to Her Majesty, St, Martin's Lane, 1889. Print.
"What are the 5,000 Most Common Last Names in the U.S.?". NameCensus.com, https://namecensus.com/last-names/