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Show ContentsEdwards History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
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Family Crest Download (JPG) Heritage Series - 600 DPI

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The Edwards surname is derived from the old English word "Eadweard" which means "prosperity guard." 1 Prior to the Norman Conquest of England, Edward was a common personal name; its popularity probably due to the fact that Edward the Confessor (1003-1066) had been the Patron Saint of England before Saint George.

Early Origins of the Edwards family

The surname Edwards was first found in Wiltshire where Edward of Salisbury, also known as Edward the Sheriff (of Wiltshire) held land at the time of the Domesday Survey. He was an ancestor of Earls of Salisbury.

The name appeared as Eaduuardus, Eduuardus, Eduuard in the Domesday Book. 2

Kirby's Quest of Somerset listed William Edward in Somerset, 1 Edward III (during the first year's reign of King Edward III.) 3 The Yorkshire Poll Tax Rolls of 1379 lists: Adam Edward; Willelmus Edward, taylour; and Ricardus Edward. 4

Early History of the Edwards family

This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Edwards research. Another 153 words (11 lines of text) covering the years 1206, 1219, 1279, 1283, 1471, 1523, 1540, 1547, 1563, 1576, 1582, 1597, 1615, 1637, 1658, 1678, 1711, 1801 and 1890 are included under the topic Early Edwards History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

Edwards Spelling Variations

Until quite recently, the English language has lacked a definite system of spelling rules. Consequently, Anglo-Saxon surnames are characterized by a multitude of spelling variations. Changes in Anglo-Saxon names were influenced by the evolution of the English language, as it incorporated elements of French, Latin, and other languages. Although Medieval scribes and church officials recorded names as they sounded, so it is common to find one person referred to by several different spellings of his surname, even the most literate people varied the spelling of their own names. Variations of the name Edwards include Edwards, Edward, Edwardes and others.

Early Notables of the Edwards family

Distinguished members of the family include

  • Humphrey Edwards (1582-1658), one of the regicides of King Charles I of England, attended Shrewsbury School in 1615, appointed a gentleman to King Charles I of England in 1637
  • Richard Edwardes, a native of Somersetshire, born in 1523. He was educated under George Etheridge, 'one of the most excellent vocal and instrumental musicians in England' -of whom however nothing more...
  • William Edwardes (circa 1711-1801), was made the 1st Baron Kensington; William Edward rose to become Lord Mayor of London in 1471; and Sir James Edwards was Lord Mayor of London in 1678

Edwards World Ranking

In the United States, the name Edwards is the 49th most popular surname with an estimated 340,719 people with that name. 5 However, in Canada, the name Edwards is ranked the 110th most popular surname with an estimated 26,457 people with that name. 6 And in Newfoundland, Canada, the name Edwards is the 228th popular surname with an estimated 191 people with that name. 7 Australia ranks Edwards as 27th with 49,795 people. 8 New Zealand ranks Edwards as 18th with 6,160 people. 9 The United Kingdom ranks Edwards as 17th with 123,074 people. 10 South Africa ranks Edwards as 726th with 9,444 people. 11

Ireland Migration of the Edwards family to Ireland

Some of the Edwards family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.
Another 67 words (5 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.

United States Edwards migration to the United States +

Searching for a better life, many English families migrated to British colonies. Unfortunately, the majority of them traveled under extremely harsh conditions: overcrowding on the ships caused the majority of the immigrants to arrive diseased, famished, and destitute from the long journey across the ocean. For those families that arrived safely, modest prosperity was attainable, and many went on to make invaluable contributions to the development of the cultures of the new colonies. Research into the origins of individual families in North America revealed records of the immigration of a number of people bearing the name Edwards or a variant listed above:

Edwards Settlers in United States in the 17th Century
  • John Edwards, who landed in Virginia in 1621 aboard the ship "George" 12
  • William Edwards, who arrived in Virginia in 1622 12
  • Arthur Edwards, who landed in Virginia in 1622 12
  • John Edwards, who arrived in Virginia in 1623 12
  • Richard Edwards, aged 23 who landed in Virginia in 1624 aboard the ship "Jacob" 12
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Edwards Settlers in United States in the 18th Century
  • Walter Edwards, who arrived in Virginia in 1701 12
  • Anne Edwards, who arrived in Virginia in 1701 12
  • Eliza Edwards, who arrived in Virginia in 1701 12
  • Benja Edwards, who arrived in Virginia in 1702 12
  • Hannah Edwards, who landed in Virginia in 1703 12
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Edwards Settlers in United States in the 19th Century
  • David J Edwards, who arrived in Allegany (Allegheny) County, Pennsylvania in 1808 12
  • G Edwards, who arrived in New York, NY in 1811 12
  • Edward Henry Edwards, aged 23, who landed in Ohio in 1812 12
  • Hayden Edwards, who arrived in New Orleans, La in 1813 12
  • Haden Edwards, aged 16, who landed in Texas in 1829 12
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Edwards Settlers in United States in the 20th Century
  • Mr. James Edwards, (b. 1876), aged 24, Cornish miner travelling aboard the ship "New York" arriving at Ellis Island, New York on 25th March 1900 en route to Wakefield, Michigan, USA 13
  • Mr. William Charles Edwards, (b. 1865), aged 35, Cornish fireman travelling aboard the ship "Majestic" arriving at Ellis Island, New York on 20th September 1900 en route to Cleveland, Ohio, USA 13
  • Mr. Samuel R. Edwards, (b. 1825), aged 76, Cornish settler travelling aboard the ship "Cymric" arriving at Ellis Island, New York on 10th September 1901 en route to New York, USA 13
  • Mr. Richard Edwards, (b. 1873), aged 30, Cornish carpenter travelling aboard the ship "New York" arriving at Ellis Island, New York on 14th June 1903 en route to Butte, Montana, USA 13
  • Mr. John Edwards, (b. 1875), aged 28, English carpenter travelling aboard the ship "New York" arriving at Ellis Island, New York on 14th June 1903 en route to Butte, Montana, USA 13
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

Canada Edwards migration to Canada +

Some of the first settlers of this family name were:

Edwards Settlers in Canada in the 18th Century
  • Joseph Edwards, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1749
  • Joseph Edwards, who landed in Nova Scotia in 1750
  • Thomas Edwards, who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1750
  • Mr. Joseph Edwards U.E. who arrived at Port Roseway [Shelburne], Nova Scotia on October 26, 1783 was passenger number 179 aboard the ship "HMS Clinton", picked up on September 28, 1783 at Staten Island, New York 14
  • Mrs. Mary Edwards U.E. who arrived at Port Roseway [Shelburne], Nova Scotia on October 26, 1783 was passenger number 327 aboard the ship "HMS Clinton", picked up on September 28, 1783 at Staten Island, New York 14
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Edwards Settlers in Canada in the 19th Century
  • James G Edwards, who arrived in Canada in 1834
  • Samuel Edwards, aged 24, a labourer, who arrived in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1834 aboard the brig "Betsy Heron" from Belfast, Ireland
  • Betty Edwards, aged 20, who arrived in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1834 aboard the brig "Betsy Heron" from Belfast, Ireland
  • Mr. George Edwards, aged 32 who immigrated to Canada, arriving at the Grosse Isle Quarantine Station in Quebec but died on Grosse Isle on 29th June 1847 15
  • Mr. Henry Edwards, aged 24 who immigrated to Canada, arriving at the Grosse Isle Quarantine Station in Quebec aboard the ship "Charles Richard" departing from the port of Sligo, Ireland but died on Grosse Isle in July 1847 15
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Edwards Settlers in Canada in the 20th Century
  • I C Edwards, who landed in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1907

Australia Edwards migration to Australia +

Emigration to Australia followed the First Fleets of convicts, tradespeople and early settlers. Early immigrants include:

Edwards Settlers in Australia in the 18th Century
  • Miss Margaret Edwards, (b. 1782), aged 16, English convict who was convicted in Shropshire, England for 7 years , transported aboard the "Britannia III" on 18th July 1798, arriving in New South Wales, Australia, she died in 1846 16
  • Miss Martha Edwards, (b. 1774), aged 24, English house servant who was convicted in Hereford, Herefordshire, England for life for burglary, transported aboard the "Britannia III" on 18th July 1798, arriving in New South Wales, Australia, she died in 1846 16
Edwards Settlers in Australia in the 19th Century
  • Miss Elizabeth Edwards, British Convict who was convicted in London, England for 7 years, transported aboard the "Earl Cornwallis" in August 1800, arriving in New South Wales, Australia 17
  • Mr. James Edwards, British Convict who was convicted in Southampton, England for 14 years, transported aboard the "Earl Cornwallis" in August 1800, arriving in New South Wales, Australia 17
  • Miss Mary Edwards, British Convict who was convicted in Devon, England for 7 years, transported aboard the "Earl Cornwallis" in August 1800, arriving in New South Wales, Australia 17
  • Ms. Harriot Edwards, (b. 1782), aged 18, Cornish settler convicted in Cornwall, UK on 22nd March 1790, sentenced for life for stealing silver tea tongs, 6 gowns, and other goods, transported aboard the ship "Minorca" in June 1801 to New South Wales, Australia 18
  • Mr. Thomas Edwards, (b. 1767), aged 34, Irish convict who was convicted in Dublin, Ireland for life, transported aboard the "Atlas" on 29th November 1801, arriving in New South Wales, Australia 19
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)

New Zealand Edwards migration to New Zealand +

Emigration to New Zealand followed in the footsteps of the European explorers, such as Captain Cook (1769-70): first came sealers, whalers, missionaries, and traders. By 1838, the British New Zealand Company had begun buying land from the Maori tribes, and selling it to settlers, and, after the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, many British families set out on the arduous six month journey from Britain to Aotearoa to start a new life. Early immigrants include:

Edwards Settlers in New Zealand in the 19th Century
  • John Edwards, who landed in Wellington, New Zealand in 1840
  • Robert Edwards, who landed in Ohiro, New Zealand in 1840
  • James Edwards, aged 30, a labourer, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Aurora" in 1840
  • Eliza Edwards, aged 29, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Aurora" in 1840
  • James Edwards, aged 20, a farm labourer, who arrived in Wellington, New Zealand aboard the ship "Bolton" in 1840
  • ... (More are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Edwards Settlers in New Zealand in the 20th Century
  • William Edwards, aged 25, a bricklayer, who arrived in Auckland, New Zealand aboard the ship "S. S. Waimana" in 1926

West Indies Edwards migration to West Indies +

The British first settled the British West Indies around 1604. They made many attempts but failed in some to establish settlements on the Islands including Saint Lucia and Grenada. By 1627 they had managed to establish settlements on St. Kitts (St. Christopher) and Barbados, but by 1641 the Spanish had moved in and destroyed some of these including those at Providence Island. The British continued to expand the settlements including setting the First Federation in the British West Indies by 1674; some of the islands include Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Island, Turks and Caicos, Jamaica and Belize then known as British Honduras. By the 1960's many of the islands became independent after the West Indies Federation which existed from 1958 to 1962 failed due to internal political conflicts. After this a number of Eastern Caribbean islands formed a free association. 20
Edwards Settlers in West Indies in the 17th Century
  • Robert Edwards, aged 38, who arrived in Barbados in 1635 12
  • Mr. Robert Edwards, (b. 1587), aged 48, British settler travelling aboard the ship "Expedition" arriving in Barbados in 1636 21
  • Abraham Edwards, who settled in Barbados in 1654

Contemporary Notables of the name Edwards (post 1700) +

  • Robert Alan Edwards (1947-2024), American broadcast journalist
  • James Burrows Edwards (b. 1927), American Republican politician and oral surgeon, Governor of South Carolina from 1975 to 1979 22
  • Stanley Ted Edwards (1950-2023), known professionally as Jango Edwards, an American clown and entertainer who spent most of his career in Europe
  • Simone Ann-Marie Edwards OD (1973-2023), Jamaican-born, American basketball player who played for the New York Liberty and the Seattle Storm, nicknamed "Jamaican Hurricane."
  • Don Edwards (1936-2022), American cowboy singer and guitarist, two of his albums are included in the Folklore Archives of the Library of Congress
  • Vincent Edwards (1969-2022), known by his stage name CPO Boss Hogg, an American rapper from Compton, California
  • Daryl Edwards, American actor, known for Manifest (2018), The Politician (2019) and Daredevil (2015)
  • Roy Edwards (1954-2020), American politician, Member of the Wyoming House of Representatives (2015-2020)
  • Albert Ely "Al" Edwards (1937-2020), American politician, Member of the Texas House of Representatives (2009-2011)
  • Monroe Edwards (1808-1847), American slave trader, forger, and convicted criminal who was the subject of a well-publicized trial and conviction in 1842; he is mentioned in Herman Melville's story "Bartleby, the Scrivener"
  • ... (Another 49 notables are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
Air New Zealand Flight 901
  • Miss Elizabeth Jane Edwards (1949-1979), British teacher on exchange to Naenae University, Lower Hutt, North Island, Auckland, New Zealand aboard the Air New Zealand Flight 901 for an Antarctic sightseeing flight when it flew into Mount Erebus; she died in the crash 23
  • Ms. Edna Miriam Edwards (d. 1979), New Zealander passenger, from Ponsonby, North Island, New Zealand aboard the Air New Zealand Flight 901 for an Antarctic sightseeing flight when it flew into Mount Erebus; she died in the crash 23
Empress of Ireland
  • Mr. George Edwards (d. 1914), Canadian Second Class Passenger from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada who was traveling aboard the Empress of Ireland and died in the sinking 24
  • Mr. Christopher Edwards (1870-1914), Canadian Third Class Passenger from Broadview, Saskatchewan, Canada who was traveling aboard the Empress of Ireland and died in the sinking 24
Flight TWA 800
  • Mr. Daryl Edwards (1955-1996), aged 41, from Jersey City, New Jersey, USA, American off-duty TWA employee flying aboard flight TWA 800 from J.F.K. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; he died in the crash 25
Halifax Explosion
  • Mrs. Christina  Edwards (1848-1917), Canadian resident from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada who died in the Halifax Explosion (1917) 26
Hillsborough disaster
  • Christopher Edwards (1959-1989), English steel worker who was attending the FA Cup semi-final at Hillsborough Stadium, in Sheffield, Yorkshire when the stand allocated area became overcrowded and 96 people were crushed in what became known as the Hillsborough disaster and he died from his injuries 27
HMAS Sydney II
  • Mr. Ernest Edwards (1920-1941), Australian Able Seaman from Mt. Morgan, Queensland, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking 28
  • Mr. Frederick Edwards (1907-1941), Australian Acting Stoker Petty Officer from Ashfield, New South Wales, Australia, who sailed into battle aboard HMAS Sydney II and died in the sinking 28
HMS Hood
  • Mr. Thomas W G Edwards (b. 1923), English Able Seaman serving for the Royal Navy from Clapham, London, England, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking 29
  • Mr. Robert Edwards (b. 1920), English Stoker 2nd Class serving for the Royal Navy from Gateshead, County Durham, England, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking 29
  • Mr. Melville Edwards (b. 1921), Welsh Marine serving for the Royal Marine from Bynea, Carmarthen, Wales, who sailed into battle and died in the HMS Hood sinking 29
HMS Prince of Wales
  • Mr. William H J Edwards, British Able Seaman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and survived the sinking 30
  • Mr. Maurice Francis George Edwards, British Marine, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and survived the sinking 30
  • Mr. Kenneth Edwards, British Able Seaman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and survived the sinking 30
  • Mr. George Henry Edwards, British Stoker 2nd Class, who sailed into battle on the HMS Prince of Wales (1941) and died in the sinking 30
HMS Repulse
  • Mr. Edwin Edwards, British Petty Officer Telegraphist, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking 31
  • Mr. George Edwards, British Boy, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking 31
  • Mr. John Edwards, British Boy, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking 31
  • Mr. Walter William Edwards, British Ordinary Seaman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and died in the sinking 31
  • Mr. John T Edwards, British Able Bodied Seaman, who sailed into battle on the HMS Repulse (1941) and survived the sinking 31
  • ... (Another 3 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
HMS Royal Oak
  • William A. Edwards, British Leading Seaman with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he survived the sinking 32
  • Walter Reginald Alfred Edwards (1911-1939), British Able Seaman with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking 32
  • Rhobert Gwynedd Edwards (d. 1939), British Seaman with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking 32
  • James Frederick Edwards (1920-1939), British Seaman with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking 32
  • Arthur Edwards (1918-1939), British Stoker 1st Class with the Royal Navy aboard the HMS Royal Oak (1939) when she was torpedoed by U-47 and sunk; he died in the sinking 32
Prince of Wales colliery
  • Mr. John Edwards (b. 1852), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died 33
  • Mr. William Edwards (b. 1830), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died 33
  • Mr. John Edwards (b. 1853), Welsh coal miner who was working at the Prince of Wales Colliery in Abercarn, Wales on the 11th September 1878 when there was a coal mine explosion; he died 33
RMS Lusitania
  • Mr. Henry Edwards, English Scullery man from Bootle, Lancashire, England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and died in the sinking 34
  • Mr. Joseph Edwards, English Third Waiter from Wallasey, Cheshire, England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and died in the sinking 34
  • Mr. Thomas Edwards, English Fireman from England, who worked aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and survived the sinking 34
  • Mr. Isaac Edwards, American 3rd Class passenger from Greensburg, USA, who sailed aboard the RMS Lusitania (1915) and died in the sinking 35
RMS Titanic
  • Mr. Clement Edwards (d. 1912), aged 38, English Assistant Pantryman Steward from Southampton, Hampshire who worked aboard the RMS Titanic and died in the sinking 36
Senghenydd colliery
  • Mr. Ernest Edwards (b. 1888), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. Evan Edwards (b. 1863), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. George Edwards (b. 1894), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. George Edwards (b. 1865), Welsh coal miner from Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • Mr. Harry Edwards (b. 1894), Welsh coal miner from Abertridwr, Caerphilly, Wales who was working at the Senghenydd colliery when there was an explosion on the 14th October 1913; he died
  • ... (Another 9 entries are available in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.)
SS Atlantic
  • Mr. Henry Edwards, who was traveling aboard the ship "SS Atlantic" when it struck rocks off Nova Scotia in 1873, died in the sinking
Winter Quarters coal mine
  • Mr. Charles Edwards (b. 1856), English mine worker residing in Coalville, Summit, Utah who worked in the Winter Quarters coal mine on 1st May 1900, when 10 of the 25lb kegs of black powder exploded; he died in the explosion 37
  1. Reaney, P.H and R.M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. London: Routledge, 1991. Print. (ISBN 0-415-05737-X)
  2. Williams, Dr Ann. And G.H. Martin, Eds., Domesday Book A Complete Translation. London: Penguin, 1992. Print. (ISBN 0-141-00523-8)
  3. Dickinson, F.H., Kirby's Quest for Somerset of 16th of Edward the 3rd London: Harrison and Sons, Printers in Ordinary to Her Majesty, St, Martin's Lane, 1889. Print.
  4. Bardsley, C.W, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames: With Special American Instances. Wiltshire: Heraldry Today, 1901. Print. (ISBN 0-900455-44-6)
  5. "What are the 5,000 Most Common Last Names in the U.S.?". NameCensus.com, https://namecensus.com/last-names/
  6. "Surnames Meanings, Origins & Distribution Maps - Forebears." Forebears, https://forebears.io/surnames
  7. The order of Common Surnames in 1955 in Newfoundland retrieved on 20th October 2021 (retrieved from Family Names of the Island of Newfoundland by E.R. Seary corrected edition ISBN 0-7735-1782-0)
  8. "Most Common Last Names in Australia." Forebears, https://forebears.io/australia/surnames
  9. "Most Common Last Names in New Zealand." Forebears, https://forebears.io/new-zealand/surnames
  10. "UK surname ranking." UK Surname map, https://www.surnamemap.eu/unitedkingdom/surnames_ranking.php?p=10
  11. "Most Common Last Names in South Africa." Forebears, https://forebears.io/south-africa/surnames
  12. Filby, P. William, Meyer, Mary K., Passenger and immigration lists index : a guide to published arrival records of about 500,000 passengers who came to the United States and Canada in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. 1982-1985 Cumulated Supplements in Four Volumes Detroit, Mich. : Gale Research Co., 1985, Print (ISBN 0-8103-1795-8)
  13. Cornwall Online Parish Clerks. (Retrieved 3rd May 2018). Retrieved from http://www.opc-cornwall.org/Resc/pdfs/emigration_ellis_island_1892_on.pdf
  14. Rubincam, Milton. The Old United Empire Loyalists List. Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1976. (Originally published as; United Empire Loyalists. The Centennial of the Settlement of Upper Canada. Rose Publishing Company, 1885.) ISBN 0-8063-0331-X
  15. Charbonneau, André, and Doris Drolet-Dubé. A Register of Deceased Persons at Sea and on Grosse Île in 1847. The Minister of Canadian Heritage, 1997. ISBN: 0-660-198/1-1997E (p. 27)
  16. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 30th October 2020). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/Britannia
  17. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 13th August 2021). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/earl-cornwallis
  18. Cornwall Online Parish Clerks. (Retrieved 30th May 2018). Retrieved from http://www.opc-cornwall.org/Resc/pdfs/emigration_australia_convicts.pdf
  19. Convict Records Voyages to Australia (Retrieved 14th July 2020). Retrieved from https://convictrecords.com.au/ships/atlas
  20. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_West_Indies
  21. Pilgrim Ship Lists Early 1600's retrieved 29th September 2021. Retrieved from https://www.packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm
  22. The Political Graveyard: Alphabetical Name Index. (Retrieved 2010, September 27) . Retrieved from http://politicalgraveyard.com/alpha/index.html
  23. Mount Erebus, Memorial, Roll of Remembrance (Retrieved 2018, February 21st). Retrieved from http://www.erebus.co.nz/memorialandawards/rollofremembrance.aspx
  24. Commemoration Empress of Ireland 2014. (Retrieved 2014, June 16) . Retrieved from http://www.empress2014.ca/seclangen/listepsc1.html
  25. The Washington Post Passenger List TWA Flight 800. (Retrieved 2018, February 15th). Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/twa800/list01.htm
  26. Halifax Explosion Book of Remembrance | Maritime Museum of the Atlantic. (Retrieved 2014, June 23) . Retrieved from https://maritimemuseum.novascotia.ca/what-see-do/halifax-explosion/halifax-explosion-book-remembrance
  27. Hillsborough Victims (retreived 21st March 2021). Retreived from https://metro.co.uk/2019/04/15/remembering-96-victims-hillsborough-disaster-30-years-9206566/
  28. HMAS Sydney II, Finding Sydney Foundation - Roll of Honour. (Retrieved 2014, April 24) . Retrieved from http://www.findingsydney.com/roll.asp
  29. H.M.S. Hood Association-Battle Cruiser Hood: Crew Information - H.M.S. Hood Rolls of Honour, Men Lost in the Sinking of H.M.S. Hood, 24th May 1941. (Retrieved 2016, July 15) . Retrieved from http://www.hmshood.com/crew/memorial/roh_24may41.htm
  30. HMS Prince of Wales Crew members. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listprincecrew.html
  31. HMS Repulse Crew members. (Retrieved 2014, April 9) . Retrieved from http://www.forcez-survivors.org.uk/biographies/listrepulsecrew.html
  32. Ships hit by U-boats crew list HMS Royal Oak (08) - (Retrieved 2018 February, 9th) - retrieved from https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/ship68.html
  33. Entombed in flood and flame (retrieved 3rd August 2021). Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20120603025705/http://www.crosskeys.me.uk/history/prince.htm
  34. Lusitania Passenger List - The Lusitania Resource. (Retrieved 2014, March 10) . Retrieved from http://www.rmslusitania.info/lusitania-passenger-list/
  35. Lusitania Passenger List - The Lusitania Resource. (Retrieved 2014, March 6) . Retrieved from http://www.rmslusitania.info/lusitania-passenger-list/
  36. Titanic Passenger List - Titanic Facts. (Retrieved 2016, July 13) . Retrieved from http://www.titanicfacts.net/titanic-passenger-list.html
  37. Miners killed in Winter Quarters (retrieved 28th July 2021). Retrieved from http://www.carbon-utgenweb.com/miners.html

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